什麼是名詞子句
名詞子句在句子中取代名詞的位置，可以作主詞、動詞或介系詞的受詞，或 be 之後的補語。作主詞的子句視為單數。
| 角色 | 例句 |
|---|---|
| 主詞 | What the client wants is a lower price. |
| 動詞的受詞 | We believe that the plan will work. |
| 介系詞的受詞 | It depends on whether the funds are approved. |
| be 之後的補語 | The problem is that we lack staff. |
| 形容詞之後 | I am sure that she will accept. |
that 子句
- 在 think、believe、know、say、announce、confirm、report、explain、hope、suggest 等動詞之後，作受詞的
that常被省略：We think (that) the price is fair. - that 子句作句首主詞時不可省略 that；不過一般常改寫成
It ... that：It is clear that the merger will save money. - 介系詞之後不直接接 that 子句；要用 the fact that：
in spite of the fact that、due to the fact that。 - the fact that / the news that / the idea that——同位語子句，用來說明名詞的內容。
- That the factory will close next year surprised many employees.工廠明年將關閉一事讓許多員工感到意外。
- The fact that the product sold out in two days shows strong demand.產品在兩天內售罄的事實顯示需求強勁。
區分 what、that 與 which
這三個字經常同時出現在選項中。區分的方法要看前面有沒有名詞，以及後面的子句成分是否完整。
- what = the thing(s) that，本身已經包含名詞。因此
the items what the client ordered一定是錯的。 - what 後面的子句缺少一個成分：
what caused the delay（缺主詞）、what the board asked for（缺 for 的受詞）。that 後面的子句則是完整的：that the shipment was delayed。 - 名詞子句中的 that 只是連接詞，本身沒有意思；what 則有「…的東西、…的事」的意思。
| 字 | 前面 | 後面的子句 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| what（名詞子句） | 沒有名詞 | 缺主詞或受詞 | We delivered what the client ordered. |
| that（名詞子句） | 動詞、形容詞、the fact… | 完整的 S + V + O | We confirmed that the client ordered 50 units. |
| that / which（關係子句） | 有名詞 | 缺主詞或受詞 | We delivered the items that the client ordered. |
- What surprised the investors was the speed of the recovery.讓投資人感到意外的是復甦的速度。
- The investors were surprised that the recovery was so fast.投資人對復甦如此迅速感到意外。
Whether / if 與疑問詞
- whether / if = 是否，把 Yes/No 問句放進句子裡。
- 以下情況只能用 whether（不用 if）：子句位於句首作主詞；在介系詞之後；在 to V 之前；緊接在 or not 之前；在 question、issue 等名詞之後。
- 疑問詞 who, what, which, when, where, why, how（以及 how much、how long 等）引導含有 Wh- 問句內容的名詞子句。
- whoever, whatever, whichever, wherever = 任何人／任何東西／任何地方：
Whoever wins the contract will need to hire quickly.
- We have not decided whether to renew the lease.我們尚未決定是否續租。
- Whether the conference takes place online or in person depends on the budget.會議是線上還是實體舉行，要視預算而定。
- Please let me know if the delivery address has changed.請告訴我送貨地址是否已經更改。
- You may choose whichever room you prefer for the workshop.你可以為工作坊選擇任何你喜歡的房間。
疑問詞 + to V
當名詞子句的主詞與句子的主詞相同，或泛指一般人時，可以簡化為疑問詞 + to V。這種形式在使用說明和工作郵件中非常常見。
S + V + how / what / where / when / which + N / whether + to V- 可用於 how, what, where, when, which, who(m), whether；不用
why to V，也不用if to V。 - 常接在 know、decide、explain、show、learn、wonder、ask、tell sb 等動詞，以及 unsure、not sure 等形容詞之後。
how to V意思是如何做某事：The guide explains how to install the software.不選 how installing 或 how install。
- The night shift was unsure whether to restart the system.夜班人員不確定是否該重新啟動系統。
- Could you tell me which form to fill out for a refund?可以告訴我申請退款要填哪一份表格嗎？
間接問句：語序
當一個問句放在另一個句子裡（在 Could you tell me、Do you know、I wonder、Please explain… 之後），子句使用直述句語序：S + V，助動詞不倒裝，也不用 do/does/did。
直接問句: Where is the office?間接問句: Could you tell me where the office is?| 直接問句 | 間接問句 |
|---|---|
| When does the train leave? | Do you know when the train leaves? |
| Did she sign the contract? | I wonder whether/if she signed the contract. |
| How much does it cost? | Could you tell me how much it costs? |
| Who is in charge? | Please tell me who is in charge.（who 是主詞，保持不變） |
- Could you tell me what time the shuttle bus departs?可以告訴我接駁車幾點出發嗎？
常與名詞子句搭配的字
記住常與 that 或 whether 搭配的動詞、形容詞、名詞，有助於快速選出子句的引導詞。
- make sure that 和 ensure that 在公告中非常常見：
Please ensure that all windows are closed. - 表示確定與否的形容詞若為否定或疑問形式（not sure、uncertain、unclear），通常搭配 whether/if：
It is unclear whether the event will go ahead. It is + 形容詞 + that/whether ...句型把名詞子句移到後面，讓句子更簡潔：It is not clear whether the funds will be approved.
| 類別 | 搭配 that | 搭配 whether / 疑問詞 |
|---|---|---|
| 動詞 | announce, confirm, ensure, indicate, report, state, make sure, inform/notify sb | ask, check, decide, determine, find out, wonder, see, depend on |
| 形容詞 | aware, confident, sure, certain, pleased, concerned | unsure, not sure, uncertain, unclear |
| 名詞 | the fact, the news, the announcement, the possibility, the belief | the question (of), the issue (of), the decision (on) |
- Please make sure that your badge is visible at all times.請確保您的識別證隨時配戴在明顯的位置。
多益解題技巧
- 空格位於句首，後面接一個完整子句，再接主要動詞（
___ the store will relocate has not been confirmed）→ 需要名詞子句的引導詞：Whether、That、What…。不選 If（不能作句首主詞）或介系詞。 - 區分 what（後面的子句缺受詞或主詞：
what we ordered）與 that（後面的子句完整：that we ordered the parts）。 - 在介系詞（about、on、regarding、depending on）之後，以及緊接
to V或or not之前 → 選 whether，不選 if。 - whoever（任何人）在子句中作主詞：
Whoever finishes first...；作受詞時用 whomever——較少見但可能考到。whatever/whichever 可接名詞，也可單獨使用。
常見錯誤
錯誤: Could you tell me where is the conference room?
正確: Could you tell me where the conference room is?
間接問句使用 S + V 語序。
錯誤: I am not sure if or not the flight is full.
正確: I am not sure whether or not the flight is full.
緊接在連接詞後的 or not 之前必須用 whether。
錯誤: What the employees need are better tools.
正確: What the employees need is better tools.
名詞子句作主詞時動詞用單數（非正式用法偶爾用 are，但多益標準答案是 is）。
錯誤: We discussed about whether we should expand.
正確: We discussed whether we should expand.
discuss 是及物動詞，不加 about。
錯誤: The manager asked what did we need.
正確: The manager asked what we needed.
間接問句中不用 did。
練習題（附解答）
1.------- the company will relocate its headquarters has not yet been confirmed.
- (A) If
- (B) What
- (C) Which
- (D) Whether
查看解答與解析
答案: (D) Whether
完整的子句當句首主詞（主要動詞為 has not yet been confirmed），意為「是否……」→
Whether。If不能當句首主詞；What、Which需要接缺少成分的子句。2.Could you tell me what time ------- for the airport?
- (A) does the shuttle bus leave
- (B) leaves the shuttle bus
- (C) is the shuttle bus leave
- (D) the shuttle bus leaves
查看解答與解析
答案: (D) the shuttle bus leaves
Could you tell me之後的間接問句使用直述句語序 S + V → the shuttle bus leaves。不倒裝助動詞，也不用 does。3.------- the customers want most is faster delivery.
- (A) That
- (B) Whether
- (C) What
- (D) Which
查看解答與解析
答案: (C) What
子句作主詞，且
want缺少受詞 → What（= the thing that）。That/Whether 需要完整子句；Which 需要前面有名詞或具體的選項。4.The outcome depends on ------- the board approves the additional funding.
- (A) unless
- (B) that
- (C) whether
- (D) what
查看解答與解析
答案: (C) whether
介系詞
on後需要名詞子句；後面的子句完整，意思是「是否……」→ whether。unless是引導副詞子句的連接詞，不能當介系詞的受詞；that不能放在介系詞之後；what需接缺少成分的子句。5.We have not yet decided ------- to renew the lease on the downtown office.
- (A) if
- (B) whether
- (C) that
- (D) what
查看解答與解析
答案: (B) whether
在兩個意為「是否」的字中，只有
whether能放在 to V 之前（whether+ to renew）；if和that不接 to V。what+ to V 需要缺少受詞的動詞，但 renew 已有受詞 the lease。6.------- submits the best design will receive a cash prize of $500.
- (A) Whomever
- (B) Whatever
- (C) Anyone
- (D) Whoever
查看解答與解析
答案: (D) Whoever
需要一個引導子句並作
submits主詞的字，指人 → Whoever。Whomever 是受詞；Whatever 指事物；Anyone 是代名詞，無法連接子句（缺少 who）。7.Please let us know ------- the delivery address on your account has changed.
- (A) what
- (B) if
- (C) which
- (D) who
查看解答與解析
答案: (B) if
間接的 Yes/No 問句作
know的受詞 → if（= whether）。what/which/who 需要缺少成分的子句，而後面的子句已經完整。8.The main problem is ------- we do not have enough staff for the holiday season.
- (A) that
- (B) what
- (C) who
- (D) which
查看解答與解析
答案: (A) that
名詞子句作 be 之後的補語，後面的子句完整 → that。what/who/which 需要缺少主詞或受詞的子句。
9.What the new interns need most ------- a clear training schedule for their first month.
- (A) are
- (B) being
- (C) is
- (D) have
查看解答與解析
答案: (C) is
名詞子句
What the new interns need most當主詞 → 動詞用單數 is。are是複數（依 interns 變化的陷阱）；being不是有變化的動詞；have語意和單複數都錯。10.Please tell me who ------- in charge of approving overtime requests for the warehouse.
- (A) is
- (B) does
- (C) do
- (D) being
查看解答與解析
答案: (A) is
who 是子句的主詞，所以語序不變，需要 be 動詞：is in charge of。
does、do不能與in charge of搭配；being不是有變化的動詞。
練習題
60 題 Part 5 題型，一次一題，每題作答後立即附上解析。
常見問題
什麼是名詞子句？
名詞子句是在句中扮演名詞角色的子句：可以作主詞、受詞、補語，或放在形容詞、介系詞之後。名詞子句以 that、whether/if、疑問詞（what, who, where, how...）或 whoever、whatever、whichever 開頭。例如：What the client wants is a lower price，其中整個 "What the client wants" 作主詞。
"Whether" 和 "if" 有什麼不同？
兩者放在動詞之後時都表示「是否」：Please check whether/if the room is free. 但只有 whether 能用在句首作主詞、介系詞之後、to V 之前，以及緊接在 or not 之前。因此在 Part 5 中，若空格位於這些位置，就選 whether。
名詞子句中的 "that" 什麼時候可以省略？
子句在 think、say、believe、know 等常見動詞之後作受詞時，可以省略 that：We think (that) the price is fair. 子句在句首作主詞時（That the plant will close...）、接在 the fact that 等名詞之後，或在非常正式的文件中，則不省略。
名詞子句作主詞時，動詞用單數還是複數？
通常用單數，因為整個子句被視為一件事：Whether the factory expands depends on demand、How the funds are spent is reviewed every quarter. 至於 what + be + 複數名詞的句型，非正式用法偶爾會用 are，但多益的標準答案仍是單數。
什麼是間接問句（embedded question）？
間接問句是放在另一個句子裡的問句，通常用來更客氣地發問：Could you tell me where the office is? 間接問句的語序與直述句相同（S + V），助動詞不倒裝，也不用 do/does/did。句尾標點依外層句子而定：外層是問句就用問號，外層是直述句就用句號。
"Whoever" 和 "whatever" 怎麼用？
whoever = 任何人，在子句中作主詞：Whoever finishes first will receive a prize. whatever = 任何東西：Order whatever you like. whichever 用於在已知的範圍中做選擇：whichever session fits your schedule。即使在介系詞之後，只要它在後面的子句中作主詞，仍然用 whoever：The prize goes to whoever submits the best design.